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Health Tips – Overview of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and the most common form of non-inflammatory arthritis. Through constant wear and tear, osteoarthritis causes the destruction of cartilage, a tough, elastic material inside each joint. Cartilage cushions the ends of bones so that they glide smoothly over each other as you move. It also acts as a shock absorber, protecting the joint from the stress of daily activities.

As osteoarthritis progresses, pieces of cartilage break off and irritate muscles and other tissues surrounding the joint. Over time, the cartilage disintegrates, causing bones to grind painfully against each other. The damage to the joints forces muscles, tendons and ligaments to work in unnatural ways, which interferes with joint movements and causes swelling, stiffness and pain.

Osteoarthritis usually affects weight-bearing joints, such as hips, knees, feet and spine. It may also affect finger joints and the joints at the base of the thumb. Bumps and swelling can develop, especially on the fingers and feet. Damage progresses fairly slowly but, eventually, your joints will lose flexibility and range of movement, making it hard for you to perform daily activities. 

If you have a family history of osteoarthritis, you have a higher risk of developing this type of arthritic condition. The chances of getting osteoarthritis also seem to increase with age. Sometimes, osteoarthritis can develop as a result of injury, infection, other types of arthritis, or repetitive strain on the joints due to sports or work. Being overweight is another major risk factor for arthritis. Carrying extra weight on your body puts additional stress and strain on your     weight-bearing joints. Although there is no cure for osteoarthritis, early diagnosis and treatment can help lessen the pain and stiffness and improve mobility.